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Integral yoga

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The Integral Yoga - the modern synthesis

   All submitted still yoga schools were creations of ancient India. With the Integral Yoga of Sri Aurobindo we enter the modern era. His yoga - a living example of what yoga tradition that has always been a high adaptability, continues to evolve to meet the changing cultural conditions. Integral Yoga is the only impressive attempt to convert / south, consistent with our current needs and opportunities.
   Trying to preserve the continuity of the tradition of Yoga, Sri Aurobindo tried to adapt yoga to the peculiar conditions Westernized world of our time. He did this on the basis of not only their European education, but also based on deep personal experience and experimentation in the spiritual life. He combined the rare qualities as the original philosopher, hook and mystics and saints.
   Aurobindo saw in all previous forms of yoga attempt to overcome the enslavement of the average person the outside world by means of detachment, austerity, meditation, breath control and a whole arsenal of other yogic tools. As I explained in the introduction, many of the traditional schools of yoga prefer an approach that can be roughly described as "vertikalizm": This way to the transcendental Reality, Spirit, I, or the Divine, which is understood as a stay in a certain sense is the material, around the world. Vertikalistskie yoga tend to rise above the ordinary life by increasing the focus of attention.
   In his remarkable work life divine Aurobindo says about previous yogas that their allocated "ascetic renunciation." This detachment was expressed in the gradual abandonment of ascetic material world as a result of overwhelming experiences supramundane dimensions of being, especially the wonderful scope of the Spirit. Such a negative attitude to the world lies in the Vedantic doctrine of illusionism, known as the Maya-vada.
   Mayan word refers to the unreality of the phenomenal world - a concept which means that the space itself illusory. This metaphysical axiom is usually combined with the idea that worldly existence is permeated by suffering, pain, anguish or sorrow, and therefore worthless. As a result, adhere to vertikalizm philosophers and sages have proposed various ways of having some form of external detachment.
 
   Integral Yoga - in Sanskrit called Purna Yoga - on the contrary, has set itself the goal to make a pronounced "divine consciousness" in the human body-mind and a normal life. It seeks to overcome the traditional vision, the Spirit is contrasted with matter, and which, according to Aurobindo, Buddhism began with about 2,500 lay back. He admits that the Indian philosophers and sages have made occasional attempts to overcome this influential point of view, but, as he says Aurobindo, 'they all remain in the shadow of the great detachment and position around the end dug into the flesh of an ascetic. " Here are more insightful and eloquent statement Aurobindo:
   The general concept of existence was impregnated with the Buddhist theory of karmic chain [rebirth] and as a result, the contradictions between enslavement and liberation - enslavement by birth, liberation by leaving the [range] births. Therefore, all the votes agreed on one point: not in this world of dualities in store for us the kingdom of heaven, but outside of it - and among the joys of eternal Vrindavan, or among the splendor Brahmaloka - beyond all manifestations in some ineffable Nirvana, or where all separate experience is lost in a homogeneous unity indeterminable being. And for centuries the brilliant seers, saints and teachers, whose names sacred to Indian memory of the people and excite his imagination, always showed the same and always lofty and strongly appealed to one and the same: the rejection of a single path of knowledge, acceptance of physical life is action ignorant termination circuit births have the right use of human life, the call of the Spirit, turning away from the Matter.
   Though Aurobindo, of course, does not deny the importance of asceticism, he sought to identify due to him in the context of an integrated spirituality. He argued that the ancient Indian thinkers and sages vedantskoe very seriously the assertion that there is only a single reality, but failed to correctly assess the accompanying statement that "all this is Brahma! I. » In other words, they simply did not notice the presence of non-dual Divine in the world, like the world itself, in which we live.
   Criticism Aurobindo traditional Indian metaphysics and yoga in fact is true, though, he decided to ignore the sporadic efforts - for example, in Sahadzhayane ( "Chariot spontaneity") - to achieve a more solid outlook and morality. Therefore sahaja ideal ( "spontaneity"), it can be said, was an attempt to overcome the limitations of traditional vertikalizm. However, it is also true that even some schools sagadzhayany contain highly pronounced ascetic element, and, of course, can not say that they take based on the evolution of ethical acceptance of the world - both in the Integral Yoga.
   "Supramental Yoga" Aurobindo focuses on transformations of earthly life. He wanted to see heaven on earth - completely transfigured being in the world. As he wrote:
   The main difference lies in the doctrine that there is action of the Divine Truth and that the Truth can descend in the present world of Ignorance, to create a new Truth-consciousness and "deify" life. Oldest yoga go directly from the mind to the absolute Divine, considering all active existence as Ignorance, Illusion or Lila [Skt. a game]; when you approach the motionless and immutable Divine Truth, they say, that you get out of being a space ... My goal is to translate and express the Divine in the world, bringing this still undeveloped Force - such as the Overmind.
   What is the Overmind? This is the first that Aurobindo calls the Truth-Consciousness - Rita cheat in Sanskrit, is hidden behind the ordinary mind. This "real creative power of universal Being." Ego active conductor between the eternal Jehovah-Consciousness-Bliss and conditioned space. Overmind is a creator of the world, for it is an immutable law of the will and the knowledge to build structures in the form of fine and coarse (or manifested) life plans.
   According to Aurobindo, it creates the evolution of the Overmind, which he understands as a steady movement to higher and higher forms of consciousness. As such, it is also responsible for the manifestation of the human brain-mind. The mind has an innate tendency to go beyond their own boundaries and to seize more extensive integer. However, it is doomed to fail in this venture, as the whole history of philosophy and science strongly pushing it back. The most that is able to make the human mind, so it is to admit its inherent limitations and appeal to a higher reality Overmind. But this change is always experienced as the death of the ego mind shackled (EC) partly person - an awesome experience for the spiritually immature person. In his writings Aurobindo describes his own inner experience of the mind experiences crushing events of the descent of the Overmind:
   ... The achievement of Nirvana was the first main result of my own yoga. She suddenly plunged me into a state of thoughtlessness, netrevozhimoe any mental or bodily movement; there was no ego, no real world - only when you look through the motionless feelings, some of them perceived or guessed the midst of a complete silence a world of empty forms, materialized shadows without this materiality. There was no one, or even a lot, but only fact unqualified, whatever, things, indescribable, unthinkable, absolute, and the only real .... I stayed in that Nirvana day and night, before she began to take a different things or just to change themselves and the inner heart of the experience, the constant memory of him and his opportunity to return remained, until in the end she did not start to fade higher superconsciousness, coming from the top. But in the meantime one apprehension added to the other and merged with the original experience. At an early stage aspect of the illusory world gave way to where the illusion is only a small superficial phenomenon with infinite Divine Reality, hidden behind them, and the highest of the Divine Reality, standing over him, and a deep Divine Reality, inside the whole, it seemed just the beginning cinematic way or shadow.
   Aurobindo saw a person transfigured by the Overmind, as the pinnacle of evolution. Nature is a form of the Divine, is fighting for the creation of a truly spiritual being that surpasses "human life" and "human intelligence." This yogic theory of evolution has not found wide acceptance in India, and Aurobindo's work is not so widely known among Western spiritual seekers as it deserves. But Integral Yoga appears life-giving spiritual power, which, in the words of the philosopher Haridas Chaudhuri, "continues to enrich the spiritual ground of the world."
   On a practical level, Integral Yoga - this is the subject of concerted action personal efforts "from below" and divine grace "from above". The essence of the effort, however, is self-denial, which must be complete in order to achieve its transforming power. Aurobindo compares it with unremitting efforts to self-transcendence, committed to the path of asceticism (tapas).
   Integral Yoga Tie a binding techniques, as the inner transformation takes place most divine Force. The absence of any mandatory rituals, mantras, postures or breathing exercises. The student must simply open themselves to this higher power that Sri Aurobindo identified with Mother. This self-discovery and the need for the presence of the Mother understood as a form of meditation or prayer. Aurobindo pointed out that practitioners should focus on the heart, which from time immemorial considered the gateway to the divine secret. Faith, or the inner steadfastness, seen as key to spiritual growth. Other important features Integral yoga practice are chastity (abstinence) (brahma-charya), truthfulness (satya), and peace of mind (Prasanthi).
   The mother was to Aurobindo not some abstract principle or otherworldly deity, but mercy, embodied in his own associates. He saw himself as a consciousness, and it as the Divine Power, or Shakti, manifested in physical form.